<None>

Opens the default address book.

/Open

Displays a dialog box to select an address book file

/New

Displays a dialog box to specify a new address book file

/showexisting

This one is still in question.  I have no idea what the usage is.

/[File name]

Specifies the Address Book file to open.

/[Folder]

Displays a dialog box to select an address book file from the specified folder

/[Folder Path]

When the path to a folder is specified then a dialog will open to allow you to select the wab file that you want to open.

<none>

Starts with a UI to set run and compression options.

Drive

Drive to compress

/All

Recompresses all drives

/N

/Nop

Unattended mode; do not stop and display confirmation messages.

/NoIO

/Task:x

/DatC:x

/Rcmp:x

/Pmioctl

Turns off use of the protected-mode IOCTL from Drvspacx.vxd

/SageRun:x

Runs in unattended mode using the System Agent-aware settings in the SETn registry key

/SageSet:x

Display the System Agent-Aware Setting dialog box and store the settings in the SETn registry key

Control Panel Tool

Applet

Accessibility Options  

access.cpl

Add New Hardware Wizard

sysdm.cpl add new hardware

Add/Remove Programs  

appwiz.cpl

Date/Time Properties  

timedate.cpl

Display Properties  

desk.cpl

FindFast  

findfast.cpl

Fonts Folder  

fonts

Internet Properties  

inetcpl.cpl

Joystick Properties  

joy.cpl

Keyboard Properties  

main.cpl keyboard

Microsoft Exchange (or Windows Messaging)

mlcfg32.cpl

Microsoft Mail Post Office

wgpocpl.cpl

Modem Properties  

modem.cpl

Mouse Properties  

main.cpl

Multimedia Properties  

mmsys.cpl

Network Properties (Except NT4.0)

netcpl.cpl

Network Properties (NT4.0)

ncpa.cpl

Password Properties

password.cpl

PC Card  (PCMCIA)

main.cpl pc card

Power Management (Windows 95) 

main.cpl power

Power Management (Windows 98)

powercfg.cpl

Printers Folder /p>

printers

Regional Settings  

intl.cpl

Scanners and Cameras  

sticpl.cpl

Sound Properties  

mmsys.cpl sounds

System Properties  

sysdm.cpl

<nothing>

Starts a UI to defragment drives

Drive

Drive to defrag (MUST include the colon)

/All

Defragment all local, non-removable drives.

/F

Defragment files and free space.

/U

Defragment files only. This leaves the spaces on the drive.

/Q

Defragment free space only.

/P

System and hidden files will be optimized.
Be very careful. Reboot after use. Dangerous on drives that hold drive space container files

/Concise

Display the Hide Details view (Default).

/Detailed

Display the Show Details view.

/Noprompt

Unattended mode; do not stop and display confirmation messages.

/Pmioctl

Turns off use of the protected-mode IOCTL from Drvspacx.vxd.

/sageset:x

Display the System Agent-Aware Setting dialog box and store the settings in the SETx registry key.

/Sagerun:x

Runs in unattended mode using the System Agent-aware settings in the SETx registry key.

/MWMEM

/TASK:x

Defrag supports the command line options from Dos 6.22, however they appear not to do anything.
Some of them are from Norton's Utilities and didn't do anything in Dos 6.22 either.

/B

Restarts computer after Defrag completes.

/SN

Old sort by Name

/SE

Old sort by Extension

/SD

Old sort by Date

/SS

Old sort by Size

/H

Defrag hidden files

/NOIO

/RESCAN

/CVF

/NCD

/DT

HELP, SKIPHIGH, NOALTKEY

BW, LCD, HERC, NOZOOM, G0, G1, G2

Old display and mouse options

MULTITASK

0

Completed Successfully

2

Unsuccessful; not enough free space

3

The process was interrupted before completing

4

Unsuccessful; drive contains errors

5

Unsuccessful; error reading from drive

6

Unsuccessful; error writing to drive

9

Unsuccessful; not enough memory

10

Unsuccessful; the drive was invalid

15

Unsuccessful; disk was write-protected

26

Unsuccessful; could not access drive

105

Unsuccessful; drive was locked

106

Unsuccessful; could not access drive

108

Unsuccessful; could not access drive

109

Unsuccessful; 32-bit compression driver not installed

249

One or more drives could not be defragmented

0%-4%

Scaning the disk for errors

5%-9%

Reading the disk layout

10%

Optimizing programs (this takes the longest time)

11%-100%

Optimizing the rest of the disk

Or if it's a Drivespace drive...

11%-49%

Optimizing the container file

50%-100%

Optimizing the Drivespace disk

The program Taskmon.exe that is started by this registry key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run logs how programs load into memory, storing the results in C:\Windows\Applog. The loading information on each file is stored in a file with the same name as the application main executable and an extension of lg and the letter of the drive (eg, lgc for a file on c drive).

Defrag uses this to rearrange the program so the clusters are in the same order that the program loads, including other files that it loads. A log file C:\WINDOWS\Applog\OPTLOG.TXT details which programs have been Optimized, and why certain programs haven't been. It also lists the registry settings.

To prevent Optimizing infrequent or useless programs (thus speeding up defragging or allowing more useful programs to be Optimized, as defrag will only Optimize the most frequent 50 programs) delete their *.lgc files.

A tip is to run Winalign from the full Windows 98 Resource Kit and delete all *.lgc files in the applog directory, open and close all your main applications before running Defrag.

REGEDIT4 ;To prevent screen savers from running during defragmentation.
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Applet\Defrag\Settings\DisableScreenSaver]
"@"="yes"
;Sets the method defrag will use.
;FULL=Defragments files and space. Rearranges programs for faster starting. Set from Defrag's Settings dialog box.
;FULLNOAPPLOG= Defragments files and space. Set from Defrag's Settings dialog box.
;FILES= Defragments files only.
;SPACE= Defragments space only.
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Applet\Defrag\Settings\method]
"@"="FULL"
;Sets if Defrag will check the drive for errors.
;Can be TRUE or FALSE. Set from Defrag's Settings dialog box.
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Applets\Defrag\Settings\scandisk]
"@"="TRUE"
;Lists the area of the hard disk that defrag has Optimized for fast application start so other disk defragmenters can avoid that area.
;The first four groups is the cluster that the region starts, and the second is the cluster the region finishes. Read in reverse byte order.
;This says applications have been Optimized from cluster hex 00000002 (2) to 00007f0f (32527).
;Using a cluster size of 4096 (the most common FAT32 one) this is 133,226,496 bytes on my machine.
;Note the below lines are commented out. Defrag writes this value for other programs to read.
;It is listed by drive.
;[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Applets\Defrag\Settings\AppStartRegions]
;"C"=hex:02,00,00,00,0f,7f,00,00
;This key lists if the other keys are read. If this is 0 then applications are Optimized in the order that they are placed in the directory rather than by number of times used. Default is 1.
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Applets\Defrag\AppStartParams]
"UseProfile"=DWORD:00000001
;This key lists the files not to be Optimized for application start. No default but value below already entered in the registry by Setup.
"ExcludeFiles"="SYSTEM.DAT\\USER.DAT\\SYSTEM.INI\\WIN.INI"
;The minimum log file size in bytes before an application is Optimized. Default is 1000 bytes (hex e803).
"MinLogSize"=DWORD:0000e803
;Application must have run in this number of days. Default is 90 days (hex 5a).
"MaxNoUseDays"=DWORD:0000005a
;Number of apps to maximised. Default and maximum value is 50 (hex 32).
"MaxApps"=DWORD:00000032
;This reg file allows the Disk Defragmenter to run before other programs start at the next Windows restart only, which may help if defragmenter is unable to complete defragging the disk.
;Note this is commented out in case you accidentally double click the file.
LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunServicesOnce]
;"Defrag"="defrag.exe /all /nop /f"

These are the keys for Defrag in Task Scheduler

;This key is required for the settings button to appear in Task Scheduler
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Plus!\SystemAgent\SAGE\Disk Defragmenter]
"Settings"=hex:01
"Program"="DEFRAG.EXE"
"Friendly Name"="Disk Defragmenter"
;This key is for the results listed in c:\windows\schedlog.txt
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Plus!\SystemAgent\SAGE\Disk Defragmenter\Result Codes]
"Success"="0"
"0"="Completed successfully"
"2"="Unsuccessful; not enough free space"
"3"="The process was interrupted before completing"
"4"="Unsuccessful; drive contains errors"
"5"="Unsuccessful; error reading from drive"
"6"="Unsuccessful; error writing to drive"
"9"="Unsuccessful; not enough memory"
"10"="Unsuccessful; the drive was invalid"
"15"="Unsuccessful; disk was write-protected"
"26"="Unsuccessful; could not access drive"
"105"="Unsuccessful; drive was locked"
"106"="Unsuccessful; could not access drive"
"108"="Unsuccessful; could not access drive"
"109"="Unsuccessful; 32-bit compression driver not installed"
"249"="One or more drives could not be defragmented"
;This key is for the for the particular tasks settings. Set by clicking the Settings button in the Task's property. The first task is Set0 and the second is Set1, ect.
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Plus!\SystemAgent\SAGE\Disk Defragmenter\Set0]
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Plus!\SystemAgent\SAGE\Disk Defragmenter\Set0\method]
@="FULL"
;Drive letter or All
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Plus!\SystemAgent\SAGE\Disk Defragmenter\Set0\Drive]
@="C"
;Doesn't appear to do anything. Set the minimum level of fragmentation in Windows 95.
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Plus!\SystemAgent\SAGE\Disk Defragmenter\Set0\minfrag]
@="0"

DEFRAG005

Unable to write sector

DEFRAG006

Unable to read sector

DEFRAG00205

Damaged Applog file. Delete all files in Windows\Applog folder

MSDos Mode

REGEDIT [/L:system] [/R:user] filename1

REGEDIT [/L:system] [/R:user] /C filename2

REGEDIT [/L:system] [/R:user] /E filename3 [regpath1]

OSR 2 and later versions

REGEDIT [/L:system] [/R:user] /D regpath2

Windows Mode

REGEDIT [/S] filename1

/L:system

Specifies the location of the SYSTEM.DAT file.

/R:user

Specifies the location of the USER.DAT file.

filename

Specifies the file(s) to import into the registry.

/C filename

Specifies the file to create the registry from.

/E filename

Specifies the file to export the registry to.

Regpath

Specifies the starting registry key to export from. (Defaults to exporting the entire registry).

/D regpath

Deletes the specified registry key.

/S

Silent merge (no confirmation dialogs)

Defragmenting the Registry (Win95 OSR2)

In OSR 2 (9.5.0B) Regedit can be used to sort and compact the registry.

Export the entire registry from Regedit in Windows, go to MS-Dos mode and recreate the directory using the /c parameter. This will not work properly in Win 95 950 or 950A, only 950B.

In Windows 98 see Scanreg to defrag the registry (though the above will work).

Changes to the registry aren't actually deleted, just marked as unused. This makes the registry larger than it needs to be.

To sort and compact the registry;
Backup User.dat and System.dat (users may have a name for user.dat, eg, fred.dat). You will probably need to clear the attributes unless you have a good Dos Mode file manager.

In Windows start Regedit and export [Registry Menu ? Export Registry File, make sure Export Range is set to all] the entire registry to a reg file in the windows directory called Full.reg.

Exit to Dos Mode and at the C:\windows> prompt type

regedit /L:system.dat /R:user.dat /C Full.reg

Values stored in the registry with CR/LF won't be restored properly. The only key this affects on my machine is Outlook Express signature strings which are at least two lines.

Might be a good idea to run regclean before this. Delete full.reg and the backed up system.dat and user.dat if it all works.

Create New Defragmented Registry

REM Sample Batch File used to create new registry.
REM Assumes that the exported file from Windows is called full.reg and
REM is in the Windows directory.
REM Assumes that User.dat is called that.
Attrib ?r ?s ?h c:\windows\system.dat
Attrib ?r ?s ?h c:\windows\user.dat
Copy c:\windows\system.dat c:\windows\system.~da
Copy c:\windows\user.dat c:\windows\user.~da
regedit /L:c:\windows\system.dat /R:c:\windows\user.dat /C c:\windows\Full.reg

Delete Backed Up Files

REM Sample Batch File to delete the backup files.
REM Use after Windows has successfully restarted
Del c:\windows\user.~da
Del c:\windows\system.~da
Del c:\windows\full.reg

Restore Old Registry

REM Sample Batch File to restore previous Registry
Attrib ?r ?s ?h c:\windows\system.dat
Attrib ?r ?s ?h c:\windows\user.dat
Copy c:\windows\system.~dat c:\windows\system.dat
Copy c:\windows\user.~dat c:\windows\user.dat 

Scandskw should be used if you have disk problems and can still start Windows. There are two copies of the FAT on every disk. These track what parts of the disk the file is on. Where the beginning of the file starts is stored in the directory and the rest of it including the end is stored in the FAT. DOS and Windows only use the first FAT and copy it to the second as a backup.

Scandisk only uses the first FAT to repair disks and copies it over the second after it repairs it. Scandskw uses both FATS to make repairs, using the best information from each.

Scandskw [Drive] [/Allfixeddisks] [/Noninteractive] [/Preview] [/Oldfs] [/Silent] [/Sageset:x] [/Sagerun:x]

[Drive]

The drive or drives to test. (DO NOT include the colon)

/Allfixeddisks

Test all fixed disks.

/Noninteractive

Doesn't pause for additional user information. Displays summary screens.

/Preview

Test but doesn't fix any errors.

/Oldfs

Changes the File System to normal Dos. Removes all long file names.
Destructive, Can't be undone. Must be run from a Command Prompt.

/Silent

Exits without displaying summary screens.

/Sageset:x

Display the System Agent-Aware Setting dialog box and store the settings in the SETn registry key.

/Sagerun:x

Runs in unattended mode using the System Agent-aware settings in the SETn registry key.

Scandskw is only a starter application. Dskmaint.dll does all the work.

Registry Settings

Scandskw stores it's settings under the following registry key.

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Applets\CheckDrive "Settings"=hex:nn,nn,nn,nn

Where the numbers read from right to left.

Add the numbers from the chart below using a calculator in hex mode, pad it out to 8 digits with leading zeros and reverse the result.

Type of test

Standard test

&1

Through test

&0

Automatically fix errors

Areas of the disk to scan

Scan system & data areas

&0

Scan system areas only

&80

Scan data areas only

&40

Do not perform write testing

Not stored

Do not repair sectors in hidden and system files

&3 000

Display Summary

Always

&0

Never

&10

Only if errors found

&40 000

Log file

Replace log

&0

Append to log

&10 000 000

No log

&80 000

Cross linked files

Delete

&4 000

Make copies

&2 000

Ignore

&0

Lost file fragments

Free

&0

Convert to files

&2

Check files for

(Don't check) Invalid file names

&4

Invalid dates and times

&8

Duplicate names

&2 000 000

(Don't check) Check Host

&2 000

Report MS-Dos mode name length errors

&40 000

Can only be set in registry

Retest sectors marked bad. This is not a setting that should be used unless you have marked sectors bad accidentally. Normally sectors are marked bad because they are unreliable.

&40 000 000

This section tells Task Scheduler that Scandskw is a Task Scheduler aware program (it recognizes sageset and sagerun command line parameters).

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Plus!\SystemAgent\SAGE\Scandisk for Windows]
"Settings"=hex:01
"Program"="SCANDSKW.EXE"
"FriendlyName"="ScanDisk for Windows"

These are the codes scandskw returns when it finishes running. Task Scheduler prints the string in schedlog.txt.

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Plus!\SystemAgent\SAGE\Scandisk for Windows\Result Codes]
"Success"="1" "0"="No errors found"
"1"="Errors found and all were fixed"
"249"="One or more drives could not be checked"
"250"="Drive could not be checked - could not load or find DSKMAINT.DLL"
"251"="Drive could not be checked - insufficient memory"
"252"="Errors were found and some were not fixed"
"254"="Check was canceled"
"255"="Check was stopped because of an error"

;This section is where the drives and options selected in the Task Scheduler Settings button are stored. The settings are the same as the table above. Set0 is the first Scandisk task in Task Scheduler, Set1 is the second, ect.

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Plus!\SystemAgent\SAGE\Scandisk for Windows\Set0]
"Settings"=hex:31,02,40,61
"DrivesToCheck"=hex:04,00,00,80

Batch files can also use these codes. Scandisk returns the same error codes. If running Scandskw use.

or if running scandisk use

;scandisk <command line parameters from the table above e.g. /all /autofix /nosummary>

and on the following line use this test. The second errorlevel test should always be one higher than the first.

If errorlevel 1 if not errorlevel 2 echo Errors found and all were fixed

Backs up, restores, and repairs the registry.

Backups are saved with names RBnnn.CAB, eg: RB001.CAB, RB002.CAB

There is also RBBAD.CAB which is the registry that won't boot.

<nothing>

Checks the registry and asks if you want to back it up.

RegistryFile

The registry file to check.

/Backup

Backs up the registry

/Restore

Displays a message saying to run Scanreg in Dos mode.

/Help

Generates an error

/?

Generates an error

/Scanonly

Scans the registry for errors and displays an error message if any are found.

/Autoscan

Automatically scans the registry and backs it up without displaying any prompts if there is no backup for that date.

/Autorun

Windows Registry Checker automatically scans the system registry for invalid entries and empty data blocks when it is started. If invalid registry entries are detected, Windows Registry Checker automatically restores a previous day's backup. This is equivalent to running "scanreg /autorun" (without quotation marks) from a command prompt. If no backups are available, Windows Registry checker tries to make repairs to the registry. This is equivalent to running "scanreg /fix" (without quotation marks) from a command prompt. If the registry contains more than 500K of empty data blocks, Windows registry Checker automatically optimizes it.

/Fix

Displays a message saying to run Scanreg in Dos mode.

"/Comment=Text"

Adds a comment to a backup. This doesn't cause a backup to be created, but if one is created by another command line switch or the user choosing to backup then this comment will be added.

Registry backup is skipped altogether if this is set to 0
Backup=1

Registry automatic optimization is skipped if this is set to 0
Optimize=1

ScanregVersion=0.0001
MaxBackupCopies=5

Backup directory where the cabs are stored is \sysbckup by default. Entering a folder path overrides it. It must be a full path. ex. c:\tmp\backup BackupDirectory=c:\windows\sysbckup
Additional system files to backup into cab as follows: Filenames are separated by ','
dir code can bC:
10 : windir (ex. c:\windows)
11 : system dir (ex. c:\windows\system)
30 : boot dir (ex. c:\)
31 : boot host dir (ex. c:\)

Files=[dir code,]file1,file2,file3 Files=[dir code,]file1,file2,file3
Files=30,config.sys,autoexec.bat Files=10,protocol.ini,telephon.ini,control.ini Files=31,msdos.sys

ScanregVersion

The Version of scanreg.

Optimize

A value of 1 (default) optimizes the registry if there is more than 500K blank space.

MaxBackupCopies

A value of 5 (default) saves the last 5 registry backups in the Windows\Sysbckup folder. This value can be between 0 and 99.
Warning:
Scanreg will only list the earliest 5 backups when restoring. Use Extract in the Windows\Command directory to extract the files manually.

BackupDirectory

Default is Windows\Sysbckup.

PickyRegScan

Unknown, perhaps an extra thorough scan.

Backup

A value of 1 (default) causes a backup copy of your registry to be made the first time you start your computer on any given day (determined by the system clock).

Files

See Sample ini file above.

If scanregw finds an error in the registry then it tell you it will restart the computer to start Scanreg so that it can restore or fix the registry. Scanreg is then started by Win.com with the /autorun parameter.

Opens common Windows initialization files for editing. The files include Autoexec.bat, Config.sys, Win.ini, System.ini, mail and networking initialization files. The maximum file size is 32 KB. Files edited are backed up with the .SYD extension.

Sysedit

<nothing>

Starts Winhelp and displays the file open dialog box

-G[n]

Creates a configuration (.gid) file and quits. If a number is specified, it determines which extensible tab to display by default the first time the Help file is opened. A value of 1 would be the first tab beyond the Find tab.

-h

Displays the Winhlp32.hlp Help file.

-i TopicID

Displays the Help topic with the specified topic ID

-k Keyword

Displays the topic identified by the specified keyword

-n ContextNo

Displays the topic specified by the context number (defined in the [MAP] section of the project file)

-p PopupID

Displays the specified pop-up topic. You must use the -P switch in combination with the -I or -N switch, as shown in the following examples:
Winhlp32 -P -I Exec_Winhelp Hcw
HlpWinhlp32 -P -N 311 Myfile.Hlp

-W WindowName

Displays the topic in the specified window definition.

filename

Opens the helpfile filename

Ctrl Shf Lft Arrow

Next Topic

Ctrl Shf Rght Arrow

Prev Topic

Ctrl Shf Home

Beginning Of File

Ctrl Shf End

End Of File (Help Author Only)

SeqTopicKeys=1
Help Author=1

JumpColor=0 0 128
PopupColor=128 0 64
IFJumpColor=64 128 128
IFPopupColor=64 128 128
MacroColor=0 0 255

The numbers represent the standard RGB color numbers where 0 is the lowest lowest value for a color and 255 is the highest. in the example above the Jump Color the color would be a medium blue. 0 red 0 green and 50% blue.